第Ⅰ卷（选择题，共 125 分）
Ⅰ. Phonetics（5 points）
Directions：In each of the following groups of words，there are four underlined letters or lettercombinations marked A,B,C and D. Compare the underlined parts and identify the one that isdifferent from the others in pronunciation. Mark your answer by blackening the correspondingletter on the Answer Sheet.
1.【答案】D
2.【答案】A
3.【答案】C
4.【答案】B
5.【答案】D
Ⅱ.Vocabulary and Structure（15 points）
Directions：There are 15 incomplete sentences in this section.For each sentence there are fourchoices marked A, B,C and D. Choose one answer that best completes the sentence and blackenthe corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet.
6.This test is designed for students ______ native language is not English.
A.whose
B.whom
C.to whom
D.to whose
【答案】A
【解析】句意：这项测试是专门为母语非英语的学生设计的分析句子成分可知，students 后为定语从 句，先行词是 students，表示人，空格处为定语从句的引导词，且在从句中作定语，因此应 用 whose，故选 A。
7.While ______ along the shore,I found a lot of sea shells.
A.walk
B.walking
C.to walk
D.walked
【答案】B
【解析】句意：当我在海边散步的时候，我发现了许多贝壳。当 while 引导的时间状语从句的主语与 主句主语相同，且从句的谓语又是 be 动词时，那么从句中的主语和 be 可以省略。因此，此 处应用“While walking…”的形式替代“While I was walking”，故选 B。
8.The sweater she received in the end differed ______ the one she had seen online.
A.by
B.in
C.with
D.from
【答案】D
【解析】句意：她最后收到的毛衣和她在网上看到的不一样。differ in 和 differ from 均为固定短语， 前者意为“在某方面不同”，后者意为“与……不同，不同于”。根据句意，故选 D。
9.There are numerous websites on the Internet ______ you can learn how to cook.
A.that
B.when
C.where
D.which
【答案】C
【解析】句意：互联网上有很多网站，你可以在这些网站上学习如何烹饪。分析句子成分可知，Internet 后为定语从句、先行词是 websites，表示地点，空格处为定语从句的引导词，且在从句中作 状语，因此应用 where，故选 C。
10.The writer’s first book is ______ popular than his second one.
A.so
B.less
C.such
D.much
【答案】B
【解析】句意：这位作者的第一本书不如第二本书受欢迎。than 为比较级标志词，由此可知，其前 应用比较级。popular 为形容词的原级，less popular 为比较级形式，意为“不如……受欢迎”， 故选 B。
11.Tom is a careless person.He forgot ______ the door again when he went out yesterday.
A.to lock
B.locking
C.to have locked
D.having locked
【答案】A
【解析】句意：汤姆是个粗心的人，他昨天出去的时候又忘记锁门了。forget to do sth.意为“忘记去 做某事”，表示要去做，但是忘记了没去做；forget doing sth.意为“忘记做过某事”，表示已 经做了，但是忘记了而以为没做。本句表示要去锁门，但是又忘记锁门了，故选 A。
12.We generally have four people working in the shop,but at ______ periods we employ
extrahands.
A.top
B.rush
C.tip
D.peak
【答案】D
【解析】句意：我们店里一般有四个工作人员，但在高峰期我们会多雇一些人手。at peak periods 为 固定短语，意为“在高峰期，在旺季”，故选 D。
13.It is expected that by 2049 the population of the city ______ two million.
A.would reach
B.will have reached
C.will be reaching
D.would have been reached
【答案】B
【解析】句意：到 2049 年，该市的人口预计达到 200 万。“by+将来的时间”作状语时，句子应用将来完成时态，表示在将来某一时间以前已经完成或一直持续的动作。故选 B。
14.As the manager of this new company,Charles ______ lots of work and almost had no time for pleasure.
A.took to
B.took after
C.took on
D.took off
【答案】C
【解析】句意：作为这家初创公司的经理，查尔斯承担了大量的工作、几乎没有时间娱乐。took to 意为“喜欢，开始从事”，took after 意为“（长相、举止或性格）像”，took on 意为“承担， 呈现”，took off 意为“起飞，脱下”，故选 C。
15.If John had entered the office ten minutes ago,he ______ what we were talking about
just now.
A.should know
B.had known
C.would know
D.would have known
【答案】D
【解析】句意：如果约翰十分钟前进办公室，他就会知道我们刚才在说什么了。本句为 if 引导的虚拟 条件句，根据从句中的时间状语 ten minutes ago 可知，该句表示与边去事实相反的假设， 因此条件从句的谓语用过去完成时（had＋过去分词），主句谓语用“should/could/could（might +have＋过去分词”），故选 D。
16.Your brother Frank doesn’t eat cheese, ______？
A.is he
B.isn’t he
C.does he
D.doesn’t he
【答案】C
【解析】句意：你哥哥弗兰克不吃奶酪，是吗？在反义疑问句中，若陈述部分有 no，not，never，seldom， hardly，barely，few，little 等含有否定意义的词汇，后面的附加疑问句则用肯定形式，且两 部分的人称和时态应保持一致，故选 C。
17.Pets ______ constant care are not suitable for people with little spare time.
A.require
B.requiring
C.required
D.to require
【答案】B
【解析】句意：需要主人经常照顾的宠物不适合很少有空闲时间的人饲养。分析句子成分可知，本句 主谓宾结构完整，因此空格处应用非谓语动词。pets 与 require 在逻辑上是主谓关系，因此 应用现在分词形式，作后置定语，故选 B。
18.Newspapers,magazines,televisions and computers all fight to ______ our attention.
A.hold
B.bring
C.carry
D.pull
【答案】A
【解析】句意：报纸、杂志、电视和电脑都在竭力吸引我们的注意力。hold 意为“抓住”，hold one’ s attention 为固定短语，意为“吸引某人的注意力”，故选 A。
19.My friend John didn’t like my suggestion ______ we should share the rent.
A.that
B.what
C.how
D.why
【答案】A
【解析】句意：我的朋友约翰不喜欢我提出的分摊房租的建议。分析句子成分可知，空格后是同位语 从句，作 suggestion 的同位语。空格处为同位语从句的引导词，且引导词在从句中不作成分， 因此应用 that，故选 A。
20.The old man’s clothes,______ old and worn,looked clean and of good quality.
A.if
B.when
C.though
D.since
【答案】C
【解析】句意：这位老人的衣服虽然又旧又破，但看上去干净整洁，质量很好。if 意为“如果”，when 意为“当……时候”，though 意为“虽然”，since 意为“因为”，故选 C。此处是 though 引 导的让步状语从句的省略现象，当 though 引导的从句中的主语与主句主语相同，且从句的 谓语又是 be 动词时，那么从句中的主语和 be 动词可以省略，补充完整为“though they were old and worn”。
Ⅲ.Cloze（30 points）
Directions：For each blank in the following passage,there are four choices marked A,B,C and D. Choose the one that is most suitable and mark your answer by blackening the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet.
Many of us rely on our smart phones for our everyday cameras.Our phones, however, collect lots of data ___21___ us, and camera software can automatically make a ___22___ of our location when we take a photo. This is more often a potential safety ___23___ than a benefit.
Let ’ s start with the ___24___ . When you allow your camera to mark your location,photo management apps, ___25___ Apple’s Photos and Google Photos,can automatically ___26___pictures into albums based on location. That’s ___27___ when you go on vacation and want to remember ___28___ you were when you took a picture.
But when you’re not traveling, ___29___ your location marked on photos is not great. Let’s say you just connected with ___30___ on a dating app and shared a photo of your dog. ___31___you had the location feature turned on when you took the photo,that person could ___32___ the data to see where you live.
Just to be ___33___ , make sure the photo location feature is off by default（默认情况下）.You ___34___ choose to turn the location feature on ___35___ to document your vacation,but remember to turn it off when your trip is over.
21.A.with B.above C.about D.besides
22.A.note B.choice C.focus D.call
23.A.harm B.advantage C.test D.risk
24.A.records B.positives C.satisfactions D.points
25.A.of B.as C.with D.like
26.A.sort B.shape C.reach D.work
27.A.helpful B.successful C.doubtful D.painful
28.A.which B.where C.why D.how
29.A.letting B.hiding C.having D.allowing
30.A.none B.everyone C.anyone D.someone
31.A.If B.Though C.Unless D.Whether
32.A.edit B.analyze C.copy D.erase
33.A.happy B.easy C.safe D.active
34.A.might not B.might C.must not D.must
35.A.quickly B.permanently C.temporarily D.slowly
21.【答案】C【解析】本句句意：我们的手机会收集大量关于我们的信息。with 意为“具有，用”，above 意为“在…… 上方，超过”，about 意为“关于”，besides 意为“除……之外（还）”。根据句意，故选 C。
22.【答案】A【解析】本句句意：当我们拍照时，拍照软件会自动记录我们的位置信息。note 意为“记录”，choice 意为“选择”，focus 意为“焦点”，call 意为“通话，喊叫”。根据句意，故选 A。
23.【答案】D【解析】本句句意：这通常是一个潜在的安全隐患，而并非好处。harm 意为“伤害”，advantage 意 为“优势”，test 意为“测试，试验”，risk 意为“风险，隐患”。根据句意，故选 D。
24.【答案】B【解析】本句句意：让我们先说说积极的一面。根据空格后面的内容可知，本段讲的是拍照软件记录 我们位置信息的好处，即积极的一面。records 意为“记录”，positives 意为“积极的一面， 积极作用”，satisfactions 意为“满意”，points 意为“观点，要点”。根据句意，故选 B。
25.【答案】D【解析】本句句意：当你允许相机标记你的位置时，像苹果照片和谷歌照片这样的照片管理应用程序 会根据位置信息自动将照片分类到相应的相册中。of 意为“……的”，as 意为“作为”，with 意为“具有，用”，like 意为“例如，像”。根据句意，故选 D。
26.【答案】A【解析】本句句意：当你允许相机标记你的位置时，像苹果照片和谷歌照片这样的照片管理应用程序 会根据位置信息自动将照片分类到相应的相册中。sort 意为“整理，分类“，shape 意为“形 成，塑造”，reach 意为“到达，实现”，work 意为“工作，运转”。根据句意，故选 A。
27.【答案】A【解析】本句句意：这在你去度假的时候很有帮助。helpful 意为“有帮助的，有用的”，successful 意为“成功的”，doubtful 意为“怀疑的，不确定的”，painful 意为“痛苦的”。根据句意， 故选 A。
28.【答案】B【解析】本句句意：当你去度假，想要记住照片拍摄的地点时，这是很有帮助的。分析句子成分可知， 空格处引导的是宾语从句、且表示的是地点。which 意为“哪一个”，where 意为“哪里”， why 意为“为什么”，how 意为“如何”。根据句意，故选 B。
29.【答案】C【解析】本句句意：但当你不是在旅行的时候，把你的位置标记在照片上就不好了。let 意为“使， 让”，其用法为 let sth. be done，be 不能省略；hide 意为“隐藏，躲藏”；have 意为“使，让”， 其用法为 have sth. done；allow 意为“允许“，其用法为 allow sb./sth. to do sth。根据句意 和用法，故选 C。
30.【答案】D【解析】本句句意：假设你刚刚在约会应用程序上与某人联系，并分享了你的狗的照片。none 意为 “没有人”，everyone 意为“每个人”，anyone 意为“任何人”，someone 意为“某人”。根 据句意，故选 D。
31.【答案】A【解析】本句句意：如果你在拍照时打开了定位功能，那么这个人可以通过分析这些信息知道你的住 址。if 意为“如果”，though 意为“虽然”，unless 意为“除非”，whether 意为“是否”。根 据句意，故选 A。
32.【答案】B【解析】本句句意：如果你在拍照时打开了定位功能，那么这个人可以通过分析这些信息知道你的住 址。edit 意为“编辑”，analyze 意为“分析”，copy 意为“复制，拷贝”，erase 意为“抹去， 擦掉”。根据句意，故选 B。
33.【答案】C【解析】本句句意：安全起见，请确保拍照时定位功能是默认关闭的。happy 意为“快乐的”，easy 意为“简单的”，safe 意为“安全的”，active 意为“积极的”。根据句意，故选 C。
34.【答案】B【解析】本句句意：您可以选择暂时打开定位功能来记录您的假期，但请记住在旅行结束时将其关闭。 根据句意，谓语动词应用肯定形式。might 意为“可能，可以”，must 意为“必须”，故选 B。
35.【答案】C【解析】本句句意：您可以选择暂时打开定位功能来记录您的假期，但请记住在旅行结束时将其关闭。 quickly 意为“快速地”，permanently 意为“永久地”，temporarily 意为“暂时地，临时地”， slowly 意为“缓慢地”。根据句意，故选 C。
Ⅳ. Reading Comprehension（60 points）
Directions ：There are five reading passages in this part. Each passage is followed by four questions.For each question there are four suggested answers marked A, B,C and D. Choose the best answer and blacken the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet.
Passage One
When my daughter first began competing in school chess tournaments, I often chatted with ther parents. Sometimes,I’d ask if they played chess themselves. Usually, the reply was no. When I volunteered that I was learning to play, their tone was cheerfully joking：“Good luck with that!”If this game is so good for kids, why are adults ignoring it? Seeing someone playing smart phone games, I wanted to say:“Why are you having your kids do chess while you do that?” Sure, we parents had work to do, work that helped pay for the lessons our kids were enjoying.
But I also wondered if we were sending a subtle message：
that learning was for the young.During one tournament,I saw a group of parents. They were playing chess! Just then, a group of kids passed me.“Why are adults learning chess?”one asked, in a vaguely teasing tone.
I was tired of sitting on the sidelines. I wanted in. And that is how I got a membership card and started throwing myself in. Early on, I was nervous, even though I really had nothing to lose, except my pride.“A master can sometimes play badly，”as one grandmaster（国际象棋大师）put it，“a fan, never!” And fan I was. It was three hours of concentration and thinking, with my phone turned off. It felt like a gym for the brain.
Being a beginner can be hard at any age,but it gets harder as you get older. The phrase“adult beginner”has an air of gentle pity. It implies the learning of something that you should have perhaps already learned.
36.What can we learn about other parents from their remarks in Para.1?
A.They were indifferent to adult learners.
B.They agreed on the idea of learning chess.
C.They gave congratulations to the adult learner.
D.They thought it odd for an adult to learn chess.
37.What was a group of parents doing during one tournament in Para.2?
A.Playing chess.
B.Enjoying chatting.
C.Watching kids play chess.
D.Helping kids with their lessons.
38.Which of the following is closest in meaning to “sitting on the sidelines” in Para. 3?
A.Not being noticed.
B.Expressing vague ideas.
C.Not being involved.
D.Following what others do.
39.What did the writer think of his experience of learning to play chess?
A.It helped him remain calm.
B.It helped him train his brain.
C.It made him proud of himself.
D.It made him question himself.
36.【答案】D【解析】文章第一段第二、三、四句提到，当作者问一些父母他们自己是否下棋时，通常情况下，他 们的回答是否定的。当作者表明自己自愿学习下棋时，他们会高兴地调侃道。“祝你好运！” 由此可推断，这些父母认为成年人学习下棋是很奇怪的。故选 D。
37.【答案】A【解析】文章第二段第三、四句提到，在一次比赛中，作者看到了一群家长，他们在下棋！故选 A。
38.【答案】C【解析】根据文章第三段可知，当作者在一次比赛中看到一群家长在下棋时，他也决定加入，于是他 办了一张会员卡，并且开始参与其中。由此可知，作者厌倦了“置身事外”，想参与其中， siting on the sidelines 意为“袖手旁观，置身事外”，即“不参与其中”。故选 C。
39.【答案】B【解析】文章第三段最后两句提到，下棋需要专注和思考，作者关掉了自己的手机，下棋就像是大脑 的健身房。由此可知，作者认为学习下棋有助于训练他的大脑。故选 B。
Passage Two
There’s an old fixed understanding about the difference between cats and dogs. Dogs are loving and loyal, while cats are aloof（冷漠离群的）and indifferent. Most cat people, however, probably disagree. Overall, cat research suggests cats do form emotional bonds with their owners. Cats seem to experience separation anxiety, respond to their owners’ voices more than to strangers’ and look for comfort when scared.
But a new study reveals a more complicated picture of our relationship with cats. Adapting a method previously used to study dogs, the scientists found cats—unlike dogs—don’t avoid strangers who refuse to help their owners. This doesn’t mean that the cats in this study were selfish, but they simply didn’
t understand how human beings respond to each other. They weren’t aware that some of the strangers were being unhelpful.
In an experiment,a cat watched as her owner tried to open a box to get at something inside. Two strangers sat on either side of the owner and the owner turned to one of them and asked for help. In “helper” trials,the stranger helped the owner to open the box. In “non-helper” trials,the stranger refused. The other stranger sat passively, doing nothing. Then, both strangers offered the cat a treat, and the scientists watched to see which stranger the cat approached first.
Did she prefer to take food from a helpful stranger over a passive one? Or did she avoid taking food from the non-helper?
When this method was used to test dogs, they showed a clear preference. The dogs preferred not to take food from a stranger who refused to help their owner. In contrast, the cats in the study were completely indifferent. They showed no preference for the helpful person and no avoidance（避开） of the unhelpful person. Apparently, as far as cats are concerned,food is food.
What should we take from this? An attractive conclusion would be that cats are selfish and don’t care about how their owners are treated at all.This is an example of human-centered thinking of animals. To really understand cats, we have to get out of this view and think of them as cats.
40.What do most cat people probably disagree with,according to Para.1?
A.Cats are strange.
B.Cats are loving.
C.Cats are caring.
D.Cats are cold.
41.What does most research about cats show?
A.They don’t need their owners’ attention.
B.They are emotionally attached to their owners.
C.They don’t experience separation anxiety as dogs do.
D.They respond to their owners’ voices less than dogs do.
42.What can be learned from the study?
A. Cats take food no matter who feeds them.
B.Cats refuse food from unhelpful strangers.
C.Dogs refuse food from those who anger them.
D.Dogs take food no matter how they are treated.
43.What should we do to better understand cats,according to the last paragraph?
A.To treat them as friends.
B.To compare them with dogs.
D.To care about their behavior.
C.To regard them as animals.
40.【答案】D【解析】文章第一段前三句提到，关于猫和狗之间的区别，有一种古老的刻板认识，即狗是有爱的、 忠诚的、而猫是冷漠的、不合群的。然而，大多数爱猫人士可能不同意这种看法。故选 D。
41.【答案】B【解析】文章第一段第四句提到，有关猫的研究表明，猫确实会与主人建立情感纽带。也就是说，猫 会在情感上对主人产生依赖。故选 B。
42.【答案】A【解析】文章第四段提到，研究表明，狗不会接受拒绝帮助它们主人的陌生人提供的食物，而猫并没 有偏爱为其主人提供帮助的人，也没有回避拒绝为其主人提供帮助的人。显然，对猫来说， 食物就是食物。由此可知，无论谁给猫喂食，猫都会接受。故选 A。
43.【答案】C【解析】文章最后一段最后一句提到，要真正了解猫，我们必须摆脱这种以人为本的思维，把它们当 成猫。也就是说，我们需要把猫看作动物，不能用看待人的思维方式去看待动物。故选 C。
Passage Three
Scientists have shown that exercise is linked to brain changes throughout all stages of life and can help the brain develop and stay healthy. Babies, for example,need regular exercise to form connections in the brain. In children, research suggests that exercise improves attention, focus and school performance. In the elderly, exercise has been shown to help slow memory loss.
Then how does exercise help the brain? Over the last 20 years,scientists have learned that exercise can help keep the mind sharp in a number of ways. Exercise improves blood flow to the brain. The blood carries oxygen, contributing to more efficient connections between brain cells.
Increasing blood flow is one way that exercise can improve mental abilities. The positive effects of exercise on the brain can be seen in babies, pre-teenagers and adults.
Babies are in near-constant movement, which is extremely important for development. This movement not only strengthens their muscles,but also helps their brains form connections. The process continues throughout life but is most intense in infancy（婴儿期）and toddlerhood（学步期），when children are mastering brand-new skills like sitting, standing, walking, running and jumping.
Exercise is also healthy for pre-teenagers’brains. In fact, some research suggests that regular exercise can improve school performance. A study found that the effects depended on how much kids exercised. The more days the children attended the exercise program, the more their focus improved.
Finally,exercise helps keep the mind sharp luring adulthood. Research suggests exercise can increase the size of the hippocampus,an important area of the brain,which becomes smaller with age, and can increase levels of a protein（蛋白质） that aids the growth of new brain cells.This can help prevent older adults from losing mental abilities and memory.
44.How does exercise help the elderly?
A.By improving attention.
B.By slowing memory loss.
C.By connecting with others.
D.By controlling cell growth.
45.How does exercise sharpen the mind according to Para. 2?
A.By increasing the brain size.
B.By decreasing the protein level.
C.By extending the time of concentration.
D.By strengthening brain cells’ connections.
46.What is crucial in the development of babies’ brains?
A.Babies’ ability to focus.
B.Babies’ mastery of skills.
C. Babies’ muscle strength.
D.Babies’ near-constant movement.
47.What is the main idea of the passage?
A.Exercise strengthens people’s body.
B.Exercise helps babies to grow.
C.Exercise improves people’s life.
D.Exercise benefits the brain.
44.【答案】B【解析】文章第一段最后一句提到，在老年人中，运动被证明有助于减缓记忆力减退。故选 B。
45.【答案】D【解析】文章第二段第二、三、四句提到，在过去的 20 年里，科学家们发现运动可以在很多方面帮 助保持头脑清醒。运动可以改善大脑的血液流动。血液携带氧气，有助于增强脑细胞之间的 联系。故选 D。
46.【答案】D【解析】文章第三段前两句提到，婴儿几乎处于持续运动状态，这对他们的发育极为重要。这种运动 不仅增强了他们的肌肉，还帮助他们的大脑形成联系。故选 D。
47.【答案】D【解析】通读全文可知，文章主要讲的是运动与大脑在生命各个阶段的变化有关，运动有助于大脑发 育并保持身体健康。故选 D。
Passage Four
In 1542,Francisco de Orellana Jed the first European voyage down the Amazon River. During this voyage the explorers met a lot of resistance（抵抗）from the local Indians. In one particular tribe the women fighters were so fierce that they drove their male fighters in front of them with spears, Thus the river was named after the famous women fighters of the ancient Greek stories,the Amazons.
This voyage also started our wonder of the greatest fiver and the largest area of rainforest in the world.About 20% of all fresh water carried to the oceans is from the Amazon River. The Amazon basin is the world’s largest , about the size of Europe. The river is a product of the rainy season, which brings huge rains every summer. This also produces a large area of rainforest ,which supports the largest number of diverse plants and animals of any area in the world.
The Amazon rainforest is also important when it comes ho the future of global warming, as it is a huge natural store of carbon.Up until recently it was thought that the Amazon had fully grown and thus could not take up any more CO2 .Experiments have shown this could be wrong and that the Amazon rainforest might be sucking up an additional five tons of CO2 from the atmosphere per hectare（公顷）per year. This is because plants react favorably to increased CO2; because it is the raw material for photosynthesis（光合作用）, the more of it the better.So having more CO2 in the atmosphere acts like a fertilizer , stimulating plant growth.Because of the size of the Amazon rainforest , it seems that presently it is taking up a large percentage of our CO2 pollution in the atmosphere, about 75% of the world’s car pollution.
48.After whom was the Amazon River named?
A.The Indian women fighters.
B.The head of an Indian tribe.
C.The first explorer of the river.
D. The women fighters in ancient Greek stories.
49.Which of the following statements is true?
A.The Amazon basin is the largest in the world.
B.The Amazon River causes huge rains every summer.
C.The Amazon rainforest supports about 20% of the world’s plants.
D.The Amazon River carries 75% of the world’s water to the oceans.
50.why is CO2 compared to a fertilizer in Para. 3?
A.They both absorb light.
B.They both store heat.
C.They both help plants grow.
D.They both cause global warming.
51.What is implied in the last paragraph?
A.The Amazon rainforest may disappear soon.
B.The Amazon may take up more CO2 in the future.
C.The size of the Amazon basin may become smaller.
D.People may change the name of the Amazon River.
48.【答案】D【解析】文章第一段最后一句提到，这条河是以古希腊故事中著名的女战士亚马孙的名字命名的。故 选 D。
49.【答案】A【解析】文章第二段第三句提到，亚马孙河流域是世界上最大的流域，面积与欧洲不相上下。故选 A。
50.【答案】C【解析】文章第三段倒数第二句提到，大气中二氧化碳含量的增加，其作用就如同肥料一般，可以刺 激植物生长。由此可知，之所以把二氧化碳比作肥料，是因为二者都有助于植物生长。故选 C。
51.【答案】B【解析】文章第三段前三句提到，亚马孙雨林对未来全球变暖的趋势也很重要，因为它是一个巨大的天然碳库。直到最近，人们还认为亚马孙雨林已经完成生长，因此无法吸收更多的二氧化碳。 实验表明，亚马孙雨林无法吸收更多的二氧化碳这一说法可能是错误的，每年每公顷雨林可 能会从大气中额外吸收 5 吨二氧化碳。由此可推断，未来亚马孙雨林可能会吸收更多的二氧 化碳。故选 B。
Passage Five
The AIDA model is the foundation of modern marketing and advertising practice. It outlines the four basic steps that can be used to persuade potential customers to make a purchase. The first three steps lie in creating attention(A),developing interest(I), and building desire(D) for the product,before the fourth step—the “ call to action”(A)—tells them exactly how and where to buy. AIDA can channel the customer’s feelings through each stage of the communication process toward reaching a sale.
Attracting the customer’s attention is the first challenge, and this may be achieved by using an attractive phrase, offering a discount or something for free,or demonstrating how a problem can be solved. Once someone’s attention has been seized, it must be turned into real interest. This is best done by providing a brief description of the product’s benefits to the consumer, rather than simply listing the product’s main features. Problem-solving claims, or results-based advice can be used to create desire, before finally laying out a simple way for that desire to be met—the means to buy. On website advertising,this might be a direct link;on TV or print, it may be a website or telephone number.
In the movie industry,the stages of AIDA are used to great effect. Movie studios often begin their marketing campaigns months in advance with giant posters to attract attention to the new movie.
Short attractive previews follow,which develop interest by offering an attractive glimpse of the movie without giving too much away. Desire is inspired by the release of the full preview, which is carefully designed to show the exciting moments of the movie,from special effects to humorous lines of dialogue. On the opening weekend, advertisements in newspapers and on television focus on the movie’s release,inviting the consumer to go and buy a ticket.
52.What is the purpose of creating the AIDA model?
A.To promote potential sales.
B.To simplify the daily business.
C.To describe the types of markets.
D.To lay the foundation for advertising.
53.Which of the following can turn customers’ attention into real interest?
A.Listing the product’s main features.
B.Describing the benefits of a product.
C.Selling a product at a great discount.
D.Offering free samples through a link.
54.In which stage of the AIDA model are giant posters used?
A.Attention.
B.Interest.
C.Desire.
D.Action.
55.What is the writer’s tone in introducing the AIDA model？
A.Surprised.
B.Critical.
C.Objective.
D.Hopeful.
52.【答案】A【解析】文章第一段前两句提到，AIDA 模式是现代营销和广告实践的基础，它概述了可以用来说服 潜在客户进行购买的四个基本步骤。由此可知，创建 AIDA 模式的目的是促进潜在的销量。 故选 A。
53.【答案】B【解析】文章第二段第二、三句提到，一旦吸引了人们的注意力，就必须将其转化为真正的兴趣。要 实现这一点，最好的做法是向消费者简要描述产品的优点，而不是简单地罗列产品的主要功 能。故选 B。
54.【答案】A【解析】文章第三段第二句提到，电影公司通常会提前几个月开始他们的营销活动，用巨幅海报来吸 引人们对新电影的关注。由此可知，在 AIDA 模式的 attention（A）阶段会使用巨幅海报。 故选 A。
55.【答案】C【解析】通读全文可知，作者在介绍 AIDA 模式的时候并没有带有明显的感情色彩，而是以客观中立 的态度进行介绍。故选 C。
Ⅴ. Daily Conversation（15 points）
Directions：Pick out appropriate expressions from the eight choices below and complete the following dialogue by blackening the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet.
A.How can I help you
B.Where do you live
C.Can you arrange a wake-up call at 6 a.m.
D.Is that all
E.What else can I help you with
F.Have you finished
G.Who is that
H.What is your room number
Clerk: Hello, this is the front desk.___56___?
Brown: Hello, I need to catch a plane tomorrow at 9 a.m. ___57___?
Clerk:Of course. ___58___?
Brown: Room 423.
Clerk: OK,we will call you then.___59___?
Brown: Yes. I need a taxi for 7 a.m. Could you do me a favor?
Clerk: No problem. ___60___?
Brown : Yes , thanks for your help.
Clerk: lt’s my pleasure.
56.【答案】A
57.【答案】C
58.【答案】H
59.【答案】E
60.【答案】D
第Ⅱ卷（非选择题，共 25 分）
Ⅵ. Writing（25 points）
Directions:For this part,you are supposed to write an e-mail in about 100-120 words based onthe following situation. Remember to write it clearly.
61.你（Li Yuan）下周一因为要去参加演讲比赛，不能上外教（Prof. Smith）的写作课。请给他写一封 e-mail，内容包括：
请假并表示歉意；
解释不能上课的原因，如比赛的重要性；
承诺会自学所缺内容并按时交作业；
祝他愉快。
写作评分标准
1.评分原则：
（1）本题总分为 25 分，分五档给分。
（2）评分时，先根据文章的内容和语言确定其所属档次，然后根据该档次的具体要求给分。
（3）纳入第五档的作文应取得至少两位阅卷教师的认可。
（4）字数不足 100 或超出 120 的，酌情扣 1~2 分。
（5）拼写与标点符号的准确性视其对表达的影响程度予以评分。英、美式拼写均可。 （6）如书写较差，以致影响表达，将分数降低一个档次。
2.评分标准：
第五档（21~25 分）
很好地完成了试题规定的任务。主题突出；内容充实，层次分明；行文流畅；使用了丰富的 语法结构和词汇；基本无语言错误。
第四档（16~20 分）
较好地完成了试题规定的任务。主题明确；内容完整，层次清楚；文字连贯；语法结构有变化，词汇比较丰富；有少量语言错误。
第三档（11~15 分）
基本完成了试题规定的任务。主题不明确；内容尚完整，有层次；语句较通顺；虽有不少语 言错误，但不影响内容表达。
第二档（6~10 分）
未能按要求完成试题规定的任务。主题不明确；内容不完整，层次不清；缺少连贯性；语句 欠通顺；有较多的语言错误，影响了内容表达。
第一档（1~5 分）
未完成试题规定的任务。明显跑题；内容贫乏，结构层次混乱；语句不通顺；有严重的语言 错误。
0 分
所写的内容与试题要求毫不相关，语句混乱，无法理解。
