与贪表现出的占有欲相反，嗔则是对自己不喜欢的事物产生恼恨和排斥。
Contrary to the possessiveness characterized by greed, hatred means we harbor annoyance and rejection against the things we dislike.
嗔的表现形式很多。在生活中，我们处处可以发现由于嗔恨导致的辱骂和争斗。或因意见不合，彼此恼羞成怒；或因利益冲突，彼此怒目相向……当他人对自己构成影响和伤害时，都会引起我们的嗔恨。更有甚者，还会将属于自己的过错迁怒于他人。
Hatred reveals itself in many ways. In daily life, quarrels and fights triggered by hatred can be witnessed everywhere. Some become angered by disagreements with each other; some confront each other furiously over conflicts of interest. When others bring trouble or harm to us, we may develop hatred towards them. To top it off, we sometimes take our anger out on others by blaming our faults on them.
嗔恨会使人的内心失去平静。可我们分析一下就会发现，嗔恨实在是愚痴的表现。当我们生气时，等于“拿别人的过错惩罚自己”，使自己成为首当其冲的受害者。
Hatred can lead to the loss of inner peace. However, after analysis, we will find that hatred is essentially the manifestation of ignorance. When we lose our temper, we are virtually “punishing ourselves for others’ faults,” making us the primary victim.
嗔恨又能使微小的冲突不断升级，当嗔心被付诸行动时，理智不见了，道德不见了，甚至连法律也不见了。正如佛经所说的那样：“一念嗔心起，百万障门开。”
Even worse, hatred can turn minor conflicts into bigger ones. When hatred is put into action, reason disappears, morality disappears, and even the law disappears. As it is said in the Buddhist sutra, “When a single thought of hatred arises, a million obstacles unfold.”
嫉妒也来自嗔恨心。虽然人类的心灵可以比天空更广阔，但也可以狭隘到容不下自己以外的任何人。当心灵被嫉妒遮蔽时，我们容不下别人的荣耀，容不下别人的成功，容不下别人的幸福。
Jealousy also comes from hatred. While we are capable of having minds as vast as the sky, there are times when we become so narrow-minded that we fail to consider anyone but ourselves. When envy clouds our minds, we might find it hard to tolerate the glory, success, or happiness of others.
嫉妒是一种可怕的心理，我们会出于嫉妒去诽谤他人，干扰他人，处处为他人设置障碍。我们甚至会在极端的嫉妒下，欲置他人于死地而后快，走上犯罪道路。
Jealousy is a terrible state of mind. Out of jealousy, we slander others, interfere with their lives, and create obstacles for them at every turn. Under extreme jealousy, we may even take delight in wishing death upon them, thus embarking on the path of crime.
为了对治嫉妒，佛教特别提倡随喜的功德。当别人做慈善时，当别人精进修行时，当别人取得进步时，我们只要由衷地欢喜，真诚地赞叹，所获功德就能和对方一样。
To overcome jealousy, the Buddhist sutras encourage us to rejoice over others’ merits. When other people are performing charitable services, diligently practicing the Buddha Dharma, or making progress on the path, we may obtain the same merits as they do, as long as we rejoice sincerely and praise them genuinely.
所以随喜是非常殊胜的法门，不仅能帮助我们有效克服嫉妒，还是成办世出世间功德的捷径。
So rejoicing over others’ merits is an extraordinary practice that helps us overcome jealousy effectively and offers us a shortcut to obtain both mundane and supramundane merits.
摘自《生命的痛苦及其解脱》
版权所有：济群法师
Excerpted from:
Life’s Suffering and Its Liberation
By Master Jiqun
