《道德经》英译连载六十二

宁静致凡 2024-05-08 09:02:42

第六十二章

美行加人

原文

道者万物之奥。善人之宝,不善人之所保。美言可以市尊,美行可以加人。人之不善,何弃之有?故立天子,置三公,虽有拱璧以先駟马,不如坐进此道。古之所以贵此道者何?不曰:求以得,有罪以免邪?故为天下贵。

英译

Good Behavior Can Help Win Followers

The divine law is the shelter to all things;

the good people cherish it,

so do the bad people.

Good words can be exchanged for respect from others;

good behavior can help win followers and their appreciation.

How can an unkind person abandon the divine law in order to survive?

Therefore,

when the emperor ascended the throne and appointed the three ministers,

it would be better to dedicate the divine law to them

though there was a ceremony of offering jades and horses.

Since ancient times,

people have valued the divine law highly

because their requirements for shelter from it

can be surely fulfilled,

and they will be forgiven by it despite their crimes.

Therefore, the world cherishes the divine law very much.

说明

1. “三公”的英译

“三公”是古代地位最重要的三个官职的总称,据《周礼》记载,春秋时期的三公指太师、太傅、太保三职。 我们的译本和许渊冲译本将“三公”译作“three ministers”取意“部长级中的前三位大臣”。辜正坤将“三公”译作“three ducal ministers”,取意“公爵级大臣”,离春秋时期的三公所指,寓意有点过于异域。Arthur Waley则将“三公”译为“three officers of State”,取意“美国州立级别的最高官员”,四家译文各有千秋。

2. “驷马”的英译

人们常说的“君子一言,驷马难追”,其中“驷马”是指套在古代高车上的四匹马。许渊冲将“驷马”译作“a chariot of four steed”,取意“由四匹马拉的双轮马车”。辜正坤和Arthur Waley译作“a team of four horses”,即“四匹马构成的马队”。我们的译本为了便于更多读者理解,将“驷马”译为“horses”。

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