Are you struggling with your English pronunciation? 你还在为你的英语发音发愁吗？ Well, I've got five super practical tips that I want to share with you today. 我这儿有五个超实际的建议，今天想和大家分享。 If you haven't met me before, my name is teacher Tom and I help students of English learn fresh modern British English so that they can communicate with confidence and speak like a local. 如果你之前没有见过我，我的名字是汤姆老师，我帮助英语学生学习最新的现代英式英语，让他们能够自信地交流，像当地人一样说话。 My first suggestion is to learn how to pronounce the 100 most common English words. 我的第一个建议是学习 100 个最常见的英语单词的发音。 Fifty per cent of all English is made up from 100 words. 百分之五十的英语是由 100 个单词组成的。 That's it. 100 words makes up half of all spoken English. 没错，100 个单词占了英语口语的一半。 The good news is they are very simple words and most of them you probably already know. 好消息是它们都是非常简单的单词而且大部分你可能已经认识了。 The question is do you know how to say them all correctly? 问题是你知道怎么把它们都正确地念出来吗？ For example, the word "of". 比如单词 of。 Well, it's pronounced /ɒv/, right? 它的发音是/ɒv/，对吧？ Well, yes, and no. 嗯，对，也不对。 Because when it falls in the middle of a sentence and it's an unstressed word, we pronounce it /əv/, /əv/, not /ɒv/, /əv/. 因为当它出现在句子中间，并且是一个非重读单词时，我们会发/əv/，/əv/，而不是/ɒv/，/ɒv/。 For example, the Republic of Ireland, plenty of fish, Game of Thrones. 例如，the Republic of Ireland，plenty of fish，Game of Thrones。 As you can hear, they're all pronounced with that weak form /əv/. 正如你所听到的，它们都是用弱央元音发音的。 So, if you know that of can sound like /ɒv/ and it can also sound like /əv/, then you're much more likely to be able to understand proficient English speakers and sound like one. 如果你知道 of 会听起来像/ɒv/，也可以听起来像/əv/，那么你更有可能理解或听起来像一个精通英语的人。 So, just a little investment in the 100 Most Common English Words will reap rich rewards and why is that? 只需在这本《100 个最常用英语词汇》上稍作投资，就会获得丰厚回报，这是为什么呢？ Because you have perfected 50% of spoken English. 因为你就能掌握了 50% 的英语口语。 My second tip is to find an accent role model, someone that you know who speaks English the way that you want to. 我的第二个建议是找一个口音榜样，一个你认识的人，他说英语的方式是你想要的。 It could be someone you know, like a friend or a teacher; it could be someone that you don't know, like a public figure for example, a politician or an actor, to someone whose accent and pronunciation you admire, someone you can use as a model or a guide for your English. 可以是你认识的人，比如朋友或老师；可以是你不认识的人，比如公众人物、政治家或演员，也可以是你欣赏他的口音和发音的人，你可以把他当作学习英语的榜样或向导。 Now, this doesn't mean you have to change your accent or mimic them. 不过这并不意味着你必须改变你的口音或模仿他们。 It just means you'll have a model of English that you can use to develop and improve. 这只是意味着你有了一个可以用来发展和提高的英语模式。 It's a very personal thing and each one of us will probably have a different idea of who we would like as an accent role model. 这是一件非常个人化的事情，我们每个人对于自己喜欢的口音榜样可能都有不同的想法。 One of my students used Gemma Chan, the British actor, as her accent role model. 我的一个学生用英国演员嘉玛·陈作为她的口音榜样。 She chose her because she thought she spoke really clearly and she loved listening to her speak. 她选择了她，因为她认为她说话很清晰，她喜欢听她说话。 Now, if you aren't sure who you would like to choose, check out my video 20 British English Accents in 1 Video and I'm sure you'll get some good ideas from that. 如果你不确定你想选择谁，请查看我的视频《20 种英式口音都在这里了》，我相信你会从中得到一些好主意。 Once you've got someone in mind, we can move on to my third suggestion which is using a technique called mirroring. 一旦你有了心目中的人选，我们就可以继续我的第三个建议，那就是使用一种叫做“镜像”的方法。 This is when we use a very short chunk of audio. 我们会用上一个小音频片段。 We listen to it, we practice repeatedly to try and recreate the sounds as accurately as possible. 我们先听，反复练习，并试图尽可能准确地学着说出来。 So, we do this for a few reasons. 我们这样做有几个原因。 First of all, we're looking for natural pacing, how do they structure their sentences, do they leave space between words or phrases to help them speak more clearly and fluently. 首先，我们要看他们的语速是否自然，他们是如何组织句子的，他们是否在单词或短语之间留有空隙，以帮助他们更清晰流畅地说话。 We're also looking for connected speech. 我们也在看有没有连读。 How do they blend these sounds and these words together? 他们是如何把这些读音连在一起的。 Now, we'll get to connected speech in a moment but first, let's use an example from Gemma Chan. 我们马上会讲到连词，但首先，让我们用一个来自嘉玛·陈的例子。 Okay. That was really short, wasn't it? 很短，对吧？ I'd suggest listening to it a number of times to get a feel for what she's saying, maybe slow it down if you need to. 我建议多听几遍，感受一下她在说什么，如果需要的话，也许可以放慢速度。 Then figure out what's she doing with the sounds. 然后弄清楚她是怎么处理这些发音的。 So for example, she's using a glottal T on "got" and then she's linking "got" to "away" so it sounds like "got away", "got away". 例如，她在 get 上使用了喉塞音 T，然后她在 got away 这里连读，听起来像 get away，got away。 She's also using a rising intonation at the end of the sentence. 她还在句子末尾使用了升调。 ... 直播一次离开直播一次离开 "The live ones got away." So you hear that connected speech and linking so "got away", "got away", and that intonation as well, right? "Live ones got away." Okay, let's do another sentence. “活着的跑了。”所以你听到了连读，got away，got away，还有那个语调。Live ones got away.好，我们再听一个句子。 Okay. So, let's analyze what we can hear, we've got a weak form on "them", so it's /ðəm/, and then we've got linking on "up in a van", "up in a van". 让我们分析一下我们听到的，单词 them 中有个弱央元音，所以它读成/ðəm/，up in a van 连读，up in a van。 And there's a rising intonation at the end. 结尾是升调。 "Yeah, someone picked them up in a van." So even that "yeah" is kind of very natural, isn't it? "Yeah", "yeah". “是的，有人用面包车把他们接走了。”即使那个 yeah 也是很自然的，不是吗？Yeah，yeah。 "Someone picked them up in the van." All right. So, mirroring techniques are just all about repetition. “有人用面包车把他们接走了。”镜像技巧就是不断重复。 So, it's all about understanding the space in the sentence, the linking, connection of all the words, and of course, the intonation. 就是理解句子的停顿、单词的连读，当然还有语调。 Now, this is a fantastic technique to use, particularly if you want to recreate those natural stress and intonation patterns the proficient English speakers use. 这是一个很好的技巧，尤其是如果你想模拟熟练的英语使用者使用的那些自然重读和语调模式。 Okay. I mentioned connected speech earlier and that is my fourth suggestion. 我之前提到了连读，这是我的第四个建议。 I want you to start incorporating into your spoken English because that's exactly what proficient English speakers do all the time. 我希望你开始将其融入你的英语口语中，因为这正是精通英语的人一直在做的事情。 Connected speech is the way that speakers blend sounds and words together or omit sounds to sound more fluent. 连读是说话者将发音和单词混合在一起或省略某些发音以听起来更流畅的方式。 Now, we've already looked at a few techniques in this video. 在这个视频中我们已经看到了一些技巧。 We had weak forms and we've had linking, but there are so many others. 有弱读音，有连读，但还有很多其他的。 If you are new to the concept of connected speech, I would suggest just starting by noticing connected speech in proficient English speakers. 如果你对连读的概念不熟悉，我建议你从注意精通英语的人的连读开始。 Listen and observe. 倾听并观察。 The mirroring technique that we looked at earlier is perfect for this. 我们前面讲到的镜像技术非常适合用来学习。 Take a very short clip, slow it down, analyse it, and see what's going on. 选取一个很短的片段，放慢速度，分析它，看看发生了什么。 Every proficient English speaker is using connected speech all the time perhaps without even knowing it. 每个精通英语的人都在使用连词，也许连他们自己都不知道。 You will, too. You just have to start by building foundations first. 你也会的。你只需要先打好基础。 This leads me to my fifth suggestion which is to find yourself expert help. 这就引出了我的第五个建议，那就是为自己寻找专业人士帮助。 If you want to build big muscles, you get a personal trainer; if you want to learn the guitar, you'd find a music teacher to show you how, and if you were to become a proficient English speaker, you need a good teacher. 如果你想练出大块肌肉，你可以找一个私人教练；如果你想学吉他，你可以找一个音乐老师教你怎么弹；如果你想成为一个熟练的英语使用者，你需要一个好老师。 Find someone who knows exactly the areas that you need to improve on. 找一个很清楚你需要改进哪些方面的人。 There's so much information on YouTube and elsewhere but a teacher's job is to help you identify the areas that you need to improve. YouTube 和其他网站上有很多信息，但老师的工作是帮助你找出需要改进的地方。 Finding a teacher is a very personal thing. 找老师是一件非常私人的事情。 There are tons of teachers out there, but it's quite hard to find the right one for you. 老师多的是，但是很难找到适合你的。 Now, I've been working one-to-one with students for over 15 years, helping them to become proficient English speakers and I'd love to work with you, too. 15 年来，我一直与学生进行一对一的辅导，帮助他们成为熟练的英语使用者，我也很乐意和你一起合作。 We are currently offering two solutions to our students to help them become the English speakers that they want to be. 目前，我们为学生提供两种解决方案，帮助他们成为自己想要成为的英语人士。 Firstly, we have our signature online pronunciation course. 首先，我们有特色的在线发音课程。 There are over 50 videos telling you everything you need to know about British English pronunciation. 有超过 50 个视频，告诉你有关英式英语发音的一切。 We start with the foundations; we work through all the tips and tricks of connected speech, and finally, we end up with stress and intonation. 我们从基础开始，学习所有连读的技巧和窍门，最后再学习重读和语调。 It is a course that is essential for anyone learning British English. 对于学习英式英语的人来说，这是一门必不可少的课程。 We also have private pronunciation consultations with me. 我们还有与我进行语音私信的服务。 In these, you and I will jump on live Zoom calls and we will identify all the areas of pronunciation that you need to improve and together, you and I do the work to improve your pronunciation. 在这些服务中，你和我将进行实时 Zoom 通话，我们将确定你需要改进的所有发音方面，然后你和我一起努力改进你的发音。 So, if you're interested and you'd like to learn more about the course and the consultations, check out the link in the description below. 因此，如果你有兴趣并想了解有关课程和咨询的更多信息，请查看下面描述中的链接。 There are, of course, great resources and teachers out there. 当然，其他地方也有很好的资源和老师。 Do your research, find the one that's right for you, and good luck. 去查一下，找到适合自己的，祝你好运。 Now, here are two videos to start you off on your pronunciation journey. 这里还有两段视频，开启你的发音之旅吧。 New Words and Expressions 生词和短语 struggle verb UK /ˈstrʌɡ.əl/ to experience difficulty and make a very great effort in order to do something 奋斗，努力，拼搏 I've been struggling to understand this article all afternoon. 我琢磨了整整一下午，想弄懂这篇文章的意思。 Fish struggle for survival when the water level drops in the lake. 湖水水位下降时，鱼会拼命挣扎求生。 practical adjective UK /ˈpræk.tɪ.kəl/ relating to experience, real situations, or actions rather than ideas or imagination 实际的; 实干的; 有实际经验的 Qualifications are important but practical experience is always a plus. 资历固然重要，但实际经验总是个优势。 The service offers young people practical advice on finding a job. 这项服务向年轻人提供就业方面的实用建议。 What's the use of theoretical knowledge that has no practical application? 理论知识如果没有实际应用又有什么用呢？ confidence noun UK /ˈkɒn.fɪ.dəns/ the quality of being certain of your abilities or of having trust in people, plans, or the future 自信；信心，把握；信赖，信任 [ + to infinitive ] He has the confidence to walk into a room of strangers and immediately start a conversation. 他有信心步入一间满是陌生人的房间并马上和人搭上话。 She's completely lacking in confidence. 她一点儿也不自信。 I have every/complete confidence in her. She'll be perfect for the job. 我对她信心十足，她完全能胜任这项工作。 [ + that ] I don't share your confidence that the market will improve next year. 对于明年市场会好转我可没有你那么有信心。 local adjective UK /ˈləʊ.kəl/ from, existing in, serving, or responsible for a small area, especially of a country 当地的，本地的 a local accent 当地口音 local issues 当地的问题 a local newspaper/radio station 地方报纸／电台 Most of the local population depend on fishing for their income. 当地人大多靠打鱼为生。 Our children all go to the local school. 我们的孩子都在当地的学校上学。 noun [ C ] a person who lives in the particular small area that you are talking about 当地人，本地人 The café is popular with both locals and visitors. 这家咖啡馆很受当地人和游客的青睐。 unstressed adjective UK /ʌnˈstrest/ not feeling worried; feeling relaxed and not experiencing stress 不担忧的，放松的 She said that she was feeling completely unstressed about the wedding. 她说自己对婚礼感觉完全放松。 unstressed adjective (PRONUNCIATION)PHONETICS, LITERATURE specialized (of a word or syllable) not pronounced with stress (= emphasis) （单词或音节）非重读的 Most words that are made up of more than one syllable have at least one stressed syllable and one unstressed syllable. 绝大部分有两个以上音节的单词都有至少一个重读音节和一个非重读音节。 throne noun [ C ] UK /θrəʊn/ C2 the special chair used by a ruler, especially a king or queen 王座;王位 the throne C2 the state of being a ruler 王位;王权;君权 Elizabeth II ascended/came to the throne (= became queen of Britain) when her father died. 伊丽莎白二世在其父逝世后登上王位。 Queen Victoria was on the throne (= was queen) at that time.那时维多利亚女王在位。 Charles is next in line to the throne (= will become king next). 查尔斯将继承王位。 accent noun [ C ] UK /ˈæk.sənt/ the way in which people in a particular area, country, or social group pronounce words 口音，腔调;土音 He's got a strong southern/Boston accent.他说话带有很重的南方／波士顿口音。 She's French but she speaks with an impeccable English accent.她是法国人，但说话却是地道的英国腔。 He speaks with a broad/heavy/strong/thick Yorkshire accent.他说话带有很重的约克郡口音。 I thought I could detect a slight Canadian accent.我想我可以听得出来一点轻微的加拿大口音。 proficient adjective UK /prəˈfɪʃ.ənt/ skilled and experienced 熟练的；精通的 a proficient swimmer游泳好手 She's proficient in two languages.她精通两门语言。 It takes a couple of years of regular driving before you become proficient at it.得开上几年车，你才能熟练自如。 public figure noun [ C ] UK /ˌpʌb.lɪk ˈfɪɡ.ər/ a famous person who is often written about in newspapers and magazines or is often on television or the radio 知名人士，公众人物 check out phrasal verb with check verb UK/tʃek/ to leave a hotel after paying and returning your room key （在酒店）办理退房手续，结账离开 We checked out (of/from our hotel) at 5 a.m. to catch a 7 a.m. flight. 我们凌晨5点办理了退房手续去赶早上7点的班机。 check something outphrasal verb with check verb (EXAMINE)C1 informal to examine something or get more information about it in order to be certain that it is true, safe, or suitable 查证；核实，证实 We'll need to check out his story. 我们需要核实一下他的话。 (GO TO SEE)C1 informal to go to a place in order to see what it is like 去…查看;了解…的情况 I'm going to check out that new club. 我打算去那家新俱乐部看看。 technique noun [ C or U ] UK /tekˈniːk/ a way of doing an activity that needs skill 技术，技能 We have developed a new technique for detecting errors in the manufacturing process.我们开发了一项新技术，用于检测生产流程中的错误。 She's a wonderfully creative dancer but she doesn't have the technique of a truly great performer.她是一个很有创造力的舞蹈演员，但她缺乏一个真正伟大的舞蹈家的技巧。 mirror noun UK /ˈmɪr.ər/ a piece of glass with a shiny, metal-covered back that reflects light, producing an image of whatever is in front of it 镜，镜子 the bathroom mirror浴室镜子 She was looking at her reflection in the mirror.她正看着自己在镜子中的模样。 verb [ T ] UK /ˈmɪr.ər/ to represent something honestly 反映 Our newspaper aims to mirror the opinions of ordinary people.我们的报纸旨在反映普通民众的意见。 to be very similar to something 与…很相似 Her on-screen romances seem to mirror her experiences in her private life.她在银幕上的浪漫故事似乎与她的私人经历很相似。 accurately adverb UK /ˈæk.jə.rət.li/ in a way that is correct, exact, and without any mistakes 准确地;精确地;正确地 The plans should be drawn as accurately as possible. 应尽可能准确地制定计划。 For the experiment to be valid, it is essential to record the data accurately.为了使实验有效，必须准确地记录数据。 intonation noun UK /ˌɪn.təˈneɪ.ʃən/ the sound changes produced by the rise and fall of the voice when speaking, especially when this has an effect on the meaning of what is said （尤指对话语意义有影响的）语调，声调 The end of a sentence that is not a question is usually marked by falling intonation. 非疑问句的句尾通常用降调。 foundation noun UK /faʊnˈdeɪ.ʃən/ US /faʊnˈdeɪ.ʃən/ foundation noun (BEGIN) an occasion when an organization, state, etc. is established 创建; 建立 the foundation of a new state新州的建立 C1 [ C ] an organization that has been created in order to provide money for a particular group of people in need of help or for a particular type of study 基金会 the British Heart Foundation英国心脏健康基金会 the Environmental Research Foundation 环境研究基金会 foundation noun (BUILDING) foundations [ plural ] the structures below the surface of the ground that support a building 地基；房基 The foundations will have to be reinforced to prevent the house from sinking further into the ground. 地基必须进行加固以防房屋继续下陷。 consultation noun UK /ˌkɒn.sʌlˈteɪ.ʃən/ a meeting to discuss something or to get advice 协商会，磋商会;咨询会 After consultations with our accountants, we've decided how to cut costs within the company. 与会计们商讨后，我们确定了如何削减公司内部的开支。 resource noun UK /rɪˈzɔːs/ /ˈriː.sɔːs/ a useful or valuable possession or quality of a country, organization, or person 资源;财力;素质 The country's greatest resource is the dedication of its workers.这个国家最大的资源就是劳动者的奉献精神。 Britain's mineral resources include coal and gas deposits.英国的矿产资源包括煤炭和天然气。 [ U ] formal for resourcefulness approving 机敏; 足智多谋（resourcefulness的正式说法）